Disa muaj pas krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb komisioni bipartizan parlamentar p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar nevoj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb reforme t\u00eb re territoriale socialist\u00ebt propozuan nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb vendit duke k\u00ebrkuar shkrirjen e 15 bashkive t\u00eb vogla dhe bashkimin e tyre me bashki t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n
Propozimi i PS-s\u00eb u bazua mbi disa dokumente analitik\u00eb t\u00eb hartuar nga ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb komisionit, nd\u00ebr to dhe nj\u00eb Indeks Urban q\u00eb tregonte se si shumica e bashkive aktuale, 51 nga 61, po p\u00ebrjetonin shpopullim dhe plakje t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Shifrat e bazuara mbi censusin e vitit 2023 tregojn\u00eb se si n\u00eb k\u00ebto bashki ka nj\u00eb tkurrje demografike dhe numri i t\u00eb moshuarve tashm\u00eb tejkalon numrin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, nd\u00ebrsa popullsia e vendit priret drejt p\u00ebrqendrimit n\u00eb qendrat urbane.<\/p>\n
Ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb urbanistik\u00ebs, sociologjis\u00eb dhe ekonomis\u00eb, e konsiderojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment nj\u00eb \u2018kriz\u00eb demografike\u2019 dhe e lexojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb prirje si nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb po prek nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht ekonomin\u00eb, shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si organizohet territori dhe do t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb ekonomike dhe sociologjike p\u00ebr k\u00ebto zona.<\/p>\n
\u201dT\u00eb dh\u00ebnat jan\u00eb kamban\u00eb alarmi p\u00ebr ne si shtet\u201d-<\/em>\u00a0thot\u00eb p\u00ebr BIRN, Doriana Musai, arkitekte dhe planifikuese urbane, duke shtuar se fakti q\u00eb n\u00eb 30 bashki me indeks t\u00eb ul\u00ebt urban jeton vet\u00ebm 14.2% e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb vendit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb 15 prej tyre kan\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 10 mij\u00eb banor\u00eb tregon se sa shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvendosur popullsia.<\/p>\n Raporti analitik bazuar mbi t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e k\u00ebtij indeksi na shfaq nj\u00eb proces shpopullimi q\u00eb zgjat prej dekadash, proces q\u00eb sipas Musait tregon se, Shqip\u00ebria ka humbur rreth nj\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb nga viti 1989, mosha mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur nga 35.3 n\u00eb 42.5 vje\u00e7, nd\u00ebrsa dyfishimi i raportit t\u00eb var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve na tregojn\u00eb efektin e nd\u00ebrthurur t\u00eb emigrimit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb re, uljes s\u00eb lindjeve dhe plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb mbetur.<\/p>\n Ajo i konsideron k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna si sinjale t\u00eb nj\u00eb \u2018kriz\u00eb demografike afatgjat\u00eb\u2019.<\/p>\n \u201cPra, nuk kemi vet\u00ebm m\u00eb pak banor\u00eb. Kemi m\u00eb pak t\u00eb rinj, m\u00eb pak familje t\u00eb reja dhe nj\u00eb baz\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt p\u00ebr riprodhimin demografik dhe zhvillimin ekonomik t\u00eb territoreve\u201d<\/em>\u2013 argumenton Musai.<\/p>\n Sipas saj, kur popullsia aktive migron nga periferit\u00eb, bashk\u00eb me t\u00eb l\u00ebvizin puna, kapitali, k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime dhe mund\u00ebsia e njer\u00ebzve p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar t\u00eb ardhme.<\/p>\n \u201cHumbja e aft\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb imagjinuar t\u00eb ardhmen\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb nga element\u00ebt m\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebtij indeksi ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me plakjen e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb tregon se ka m\u00eb pak lindje dhe nga bashkit\u00eb periferike po largohen kryesisht t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb ose njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb sociologjis\u00eb dhe ekonomis\u00eb kjo tablo sjell nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsim t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb lokale, t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe jet\u00ebs sociale n\u00eb zonat q\u00eb humbin popullsi.<\/p>\n \u201cPas \u00e7do shifre ka njer\u00ebz, familje, t\u00eb rinj q\u00eb largohen, prind\u00ebr q\u00eb mbeten dhe komunitete q\u00eb gradualisht ndryshojn\u00eb. P\u00ebr mua, pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebtu fillon leximi sociologjik i fenomenit\u201d<\/em>\u2013 i tha BIRN-it, Shk\u00eblzen Hasanaj, profesor i sociologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Universitetin e Studimeve Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare (UNINT), Rom\u00eb.<\/p>\n \u201cNj\u00eb komunitet fillon t\u00eb varf\u00ebrohet shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb boshatiset fizikisht\u201d,<\/em>\u00a0shton Hasanaj.<\/p>\n Momenti kritik, sipas tij, vjen kur t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb nuk e imagjinojn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e tyre n\u00eb vendin ku kan\u00eb lindur.<\/p>\n Fakti q\u00eb t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune, profesionist\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb arsimuarit jan\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e k\u00ebtij migrimi, sipas tij,\u00a0 e kthen shpopullimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces selektiv, ku territoret nuk humbasin thjesht banor\u00eb, por pik\u00ebrisht grupet q\u00eb do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb garantonin vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre demografike dhe ekonomike.<\/p>\n \u201cNj\u00eb qytet nuk humbet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb num\u00ebr banor\u00ebsh; humbet njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb nes\u00ebr do t\u00eb krijonin familje, do t\u00eb hapnin nj\u00eb aktivitet, do t\u00eb punonin si mjek\u00eb, m\u00ebsues, inxhinier\u00eb apo sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs dhe do t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e komunitetit<\/em>\u201d- thot\u00eb Hasanaj.<\/p>\n Ai e quan k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb\u00a0\u2018shpopullimit selektiv\u2019 dhe\u00a0\u201cdob\u00ebsim i riprodhimit social t\u00eb territorit\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n Ai flet p\u00ebr pasojat q\u00eb shfaqen fillimisht n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme; m\u00eb pak t\u00eb rinj do t\u00eb thot\u00eb m\u00eb pak familje t\u00eb reja dhe f\u00ebmij\u00eb, m\u00eb pak nx\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00eb shkolla dhe m\u00eb pak fuqi pun\u00ebtore. M\u00eb pas dob\u00ebsohen aktivitetet ekonomike dhe sh\u00ebrbimet, duke krijuar nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl ku largimi prodhon kushtet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr largim.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr ekonomistin Klodian Mu\u00e7o edhe pse urbanizimi shihet si nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e zhvillimit ekonomik t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi, ai ka pasoja negative n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e zonave q\u00eb braktis\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e vendit n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n \u201cProblemet lindin m\u00eb von\u00eb. N\u00eb momentin kur njer\u00ebzit l\u00ebvizin nga periferia n\u00eb qend\u00ebr k\u00ebto zona braktis\u00ebn, bie cil\u00ebsia arsimore, bie siguria sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore, bie prodhimi bujq\u00ebsor e blegtora<\/em>l\u201d-, tha ai p\u00ebr BIRN.<\/p>\n K\u00ebshtu, ajo q\u00eb n\u00eb afat t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr mund t\u00eb duket si p\u00ebrfitim nga p\u00ebrqendrimi ekonomik n\u00eb disa zona urbane, sipas Mu\u00e7os, \u201cn\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb krijon nj\u00eb fatur\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr vendin\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cTerritoret periferike humbasin fuqi pun\u00ebtore dhe aktivitet ekonomik, nd\u00ebrsa qytetet prit\u00ebse p\u00ebrballen me kosto gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr banim, transport dhe sh\u00ebrbim<\/em>e\u201d- shton ai.<\/p>\n Dhe ky proces, sipas Mu\u00e7os, mund t\u00eb ushqej\u00eb m\u00eb tej migracionin e jasht\u00ebm; t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb q\u00eb fillimisht largohen nga fshati ose qyteti i vog\u00ebl drejt Tiran\u00ebs apo Durr\u00ebsit mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me kosto t\u00eb lart\u00eb jetese, munges\u00eb strehimi t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm dhe probleme infrastrukturore dhe hapi tjet\u00ebr shihet largimi nga vendi.<\/p>\n \u201cGjeografia e pabarazis\u00eb\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Shifrat e Indeksit Urban tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ndryshim n\u00eb struktur\u00ebn urbane t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb polarizim t\u00eb lart\u00eb mes disa qendrave ku ka tendenc\u00ebn t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohet popullsia e vendit, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb boshti Tiran\u00eb-Durr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Por ky p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrim, sipas ekspert\u00ebve, nuk vjen pa pasoja, pasi n\u00eb qendrat urbane rritet presioni mbi banesat, transportin, infrastruktur\u00ebn dhe koston e jetes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Dorina Pojani, pedagoge e planifikimit urban n\u00eb Universitetin e Queensland, Australi, e sheh fenomenin e shpopullimit t\u00eb periferis\u00eb drejt qendrave urbane si pasoj\u00eb e shum\u00eb faktor\u00ebve, nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmet \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e politikave urbane p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar ose ngadal\u00ebsuar k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen.<\/p>\n \u201cNdodhemi n\u00eb kriz\u00eb demografike n\u00eb dy pikpamje; R\u00ebnia e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe migracioni i jasht\u00ebm dhe i brendsh\u00ebm dhe shkak p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb jan\u00eb kushtet e k\u00ebqija ekonomike, munges\u00eb e nj\u00eb sistemi arsimor cil\u00ebsor, mungesa e sh\u00ebrbimeve cil\u00ebsore, infrastruktura dhe pun\u00ebsimi<\/em>\u201d- i tha ajo BIRN duke shtuar se\u00a0\u201cmbyllja ose tkurrja e shkollave, dob\u00ebsimi i sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe mungesa e pun\u00ebs e b\u00ebjn\u00eb largimin gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb arsyesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr banor\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb mbetur\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst ajo konsideron shqet\u00ebsuese nj\u00eb polarizim edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb madh urban, ku nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb Tiran\u00eb pa infrastruktur\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim, nd\u00ebrsa territoret periferike humbasin funksionet e tyre.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa sociologu Hasanaj sheh me shqet\u00ebsim jo vet\u00ebm pak\u00ebsimin e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb shifra, por organizimin shoq\u00ebror q\u00eb do t\u00eb krijohet n\u00eb k\u00ebto territore n\u00eb kushtet e nj\u00eb shpopullimi n\u00eb rritje.<\/p>\n \u201cN\u00ebse tendencat vazhdojn\u00eb, shoh rrezikun e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb polarizuar: disa qendra do t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrojn\u00eb popullsin\u00eb, ekonomin\u00eb, universitetet, profesionist\u00ebt dhe sh\u00ebrbimet, nd\u00ebrsa territore t\u00eb tjera do t\u00eb humbasin gradualisht jo vet\u00ebm banor\u00eb, por edhe funksionet e tyre sociale\u201d<\/em>\u2013 thot\u00eb ai.<\/p>\n Kjo mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb sipas tij \u201cnj\u00eb\u00a0gjeografi t\u00eb pabarazis\u00eb\u201d, ku mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e nj\u00eb t\u00eb riu varen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga vendi ku ai lind dhe rritet.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr Hasanajn, ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem thell\u00ebsisht sociologjik, sepse territori fillon t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb faktor q\u00eb prodhon dhe riprodhon pabarazi.<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb tablo t\u00eb pas disa dekadave ai parashikon ekzistenc\u00ebn e qyteteve n\u00eb hart\u00ebn administrative, por m\u00eb t\u00eb varfra n\u00eb jet\u00ebn sociale.<\/p>\n \u201cSepse, p\u00ebr mua,\u00a0qyteti nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb, rrug\u00eb apo shesh. Qyteti \u00ebsht\u00eb shkolla, familja, puna, kafeneja, tregu, universiteti, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet mes njer\u00ebzve, aktiviteti kulturor dhe ndjenja se aty mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtosh jet\u00ebn t\u00ebnde\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n Harta e re nuk ofron zgjidhje<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u00eb raportin analitik hartuar nga ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb Komisionit Parlamentar p\u00ebr Reform\u00ebn Territoriale konstatohet polarizimi urban si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtij urbanizimi.<\/p>\n Propozimi ligjor i PS-s\u00eb ofron si \u2018zgjidhje\u2019 shkrirjen mekanike t\u00eb disa bashkive n\u00eb mesin e atyre q\u00eb paraqiten me tregues t\u00eb dob\u00ebt duke \u00e7uar k\u00ebshtu numrin e nj\u00ebsive t\u00eb vet\u00ebqeverisjes vendore nga 61 n\u00eb 46, por pa ofruar mekanizma ligjore p\u00ebr menaxhimin e k\u00ebtij fenomeni.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr ekspert\u00ebt, nj\u00eb hart\u00eb e re territoriale q\u00eb shkurton vet\u00ebm numrin e bashkive nuk e zgjidh problemin dhe se pas 10 apo 20 vitesh, Shqip\u00ebria mund t\u00eb gjendet s\u00ebrish p\u00ebrball\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs pyetje:\u00a0\u201csa njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb mbetur p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb jet\u00eb territorit q\u00eb ato qeverisin\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n Pojani sugjeron se zgjidhja nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimi i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm i gjith\u00eb\u00e7kaje n\u00eb disa qytete t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, por krijimi i disa qendrave t\u00eb vogla bujq\u00ebsore, industriale dhe urbane q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb ekonomi, sh\u00ebrbime, jet\u00eb kulturore dhe nd\u00ebrtimi i infrastruktur\u00ebs rrugore dhe lidhja me transport me qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n \u201cNj\u00eb rrjet funksional rrug\u00ebsh dhe hekurudhash do t\u2019u mund\u00ebsonte banor\u00ebve t\u00eb jetonin n\u00eb qytete m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla dhe t\u00eb kishin akses n\u00eb pun\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbime n\u00eb qendrat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha\u201d-<\/em>\u00a0sugjeron ajo, ose n\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, \u201cvendi rrezikon nj\u00eb paradoks t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb: periferit\u00eb boshatisen, nd\u00ebrsa qendrat mbingarkohen\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n Nga ana tjet\u00ebr Musai paralajm\u00ebron se nj\u00eb reform\u00eb e bazuar kryesisht te numrat e popullsis\u00eb mund t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt: dob\u00ebsia demografike mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si argument p\u00ebr t\u00eb larguar edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb qeverisjen nga territoret q\u00eb tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb dob\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n Ajo sugjeron q\u00eb kjo reform\u00eb t\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb shkaqet e k\u00ebtij shpopullimi q\u00eb jan\u00eb; pun\u00ebsimi, sh\u00ebrbimet, infrastruktura, arsimi, ekonomia lokale dhe lidhjet territoriale.<\/p>\n \u201cNxitimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb reform\u00eb t\u00eb re administrative mund t\u00eb tentoj\u00eb t\u00eb menaxhoj\u00eb pasojat e k\u00ebtyre krizave, por nuk mund t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoj\u00eb politikat q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb shkaqet. Pa adresuar shkakun e depopullimit, rrezikojm\u00eb ta p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsojm\u00eb kriz\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb kontribuojm\u00eb padashje n\u00eb zbrazjen e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb territoreve nga njer\u00ebzit\u201d-<\/em>\u00a0p\u00ebrfundon Musai.<\/p>\n The post \u2018Gjeografia e pabarazis\u00eb\u2019: Kriza q\u00eb po prodhon shpopullimi i periferis\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri<\/a> appeared first on GIJOTINA<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Disa muaj pas krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb komisioni bipartizan parlamentar p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar nevoj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb reforme t\u00eb re territoriale socialist\u00ebt propozuan nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb vendit duke k\u00ebrkuar shkrirjen e 15 bashkive t\u00eb vogla dhe bashkimin e tyre me bashki t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Propozimi i PS-s\u00eb u bazua mbi disa dokumente analitik\u00eb t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97709"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97709\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}