Nga Fatos \u00c7o\u00e7oli<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem serioz q\u00eb e detyroi Qeverin\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb niste procedurat p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e kontrat\u00ebs s\u00eb koncesionit t\u00eb Aeroportit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs lidhej me nj\u00eb hua prej 100 milion\u00eb eurosh, t\u00eb marr\u00eb nga nj\u00ebra prej kompanive t\u00eb koncesionarit pa miratimin paraprak t\u00eb Shtetit shqiptar.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb mars 2025, kompania \u201cMabco\u201d n\u00ebnshkroi nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje huaje me shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb financiare \u201cDelphos Securities\u201d, me vler\u00eb 100 milion\u00eb euro. Sipas informacionit t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb publik, fondet do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoreshin p\u00ebr dy q\u00ebllime kryesore: p\u00ebrfundimin e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb Aeroportit t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs dhe shlyerjen e nj\u00eb kredie ekzistuese bankare t\u00eb \u201cMabco\u201d-s.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb, nj\u00eb financim i till\u00eb mund t\u00eb konsiderohej nj\u00eb zhvillim pozitiv p\u00ebr projektin. Projekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha infrastrukturore k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb kapital t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm dhe nj\u00eb hua e re mund t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb likuiditetin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e punimeve.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, shqet\u00ebsimi kryesor nuk lidhej me shum\u00ebn e huas\u00eb, por me garancit\u00eb e dh\u00ebna n\u00eb favor t\u00eb huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe pasojat q\u00eb ato mund t\u00eb kishin mbi t\u00eb ardhurat, administrimin dhe t\u00eb ardhmen financiare t\u00eb nj\u00eb infrastrukture strategjike si Aeroporti Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar i Vlor\u00ebs. Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebto elemente u konsideruan nga autoritetet shqiptare si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr shkelje serioze e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnies koncesionare dhe nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr arsyet q\u00eb \u00e7uan n\u00eb nisjen e procedurave p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e kontrat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
100 milion\u00eb euro: financim p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin apo barr\u00eb mbi t\u00eb ardhmen?<\/p>\n
Problemi nuk q\u00ebndronte vet\u00ebm tek shuma e financimit, por mbi t\u00eb gjitha tek garancit\u00eb e ofruara dhe t\u00eb drejtat q\u00eb fitonte huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsi mbi t\u00eb ardhmen ekonomike dhe financiare t\u00eb Aeroportit t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Sipas marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb huas\u00eb, \u201cDelphos Securities\u201d merrte garanci mbi t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb ardhurat e ardhshme t\u00eb aeroportit, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe ato t\u00eb garantuara nga shteti shqiptar.<\/p>\n
Tabela 1: Aeroporti i Vlor\u00ebs dhe Buxheti i Shtetit<\/p>\n
Buxheti i Shtetit garanton t\u00eb ardhurat minimale n\u00eb 10 vitet e para(n\u00ebse dalin m\u00eb pak se 140 mln euro). Konkretisht:<\/p>\n
Viti IV : 6 mln euro
\nViti V: 3 mln euro
\nViti VI: 2 mln euro
\nViti VII: 1 mln euro
\nBurimi: https:\/\/www.infrastruktura.gov.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/AL-STUDIM-FIZIBILITETI-VIA.pdf<\/p>\n
Por kjo nuk ishte e vetmja garanci. Marr\u00ebveshja i jepte \u201cDelphos Securities\u201d kontroll mbi llogarit\u00eb bankare dhe politikat financiare t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb, si edhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019ia transferuar k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta pal\u00ebve t\u00eb treta.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto dispozita bien ndesh me kontrat\u00ebn koncesionare BOT t\u00eb Aeroportit t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs, e cila ndalon shprehimisht dh\u00ebnien e garancive t\u00eb tilla pa miratimin paraprak t\u00eb Shtetit shqiptar. Nj\u00eb miratim i till\u00eb nuk u k\u00ebrkua dhe nuk u dha.<\/p>\n
Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, Avokatura e Shtetit e konsideroi marr\u00ebveshjen si nj\u00eb akt me rrezik t\u00eb lart\u00eb juridik. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb institucion financiar privat mund t\u00eb fitonte kontroll ekonomik mbi nj\u00eb projekt strategjik shtet\u00ebror, pa dijenin\u00eb dhe pa miratimin e Shtetit shqiptar.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte, nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri private merrte angazhime financiare q\u00eb potencialisht prek\u00ebn t\u00eb ardhurat, administrimin dhe funksionimin e nj\u00eb infrastrukture strategjike komb\u00ebtare, jasht\u00eb mekanizmave t\u00eb miratimit dhe kontrollit t\u00eb parashikuar n\u00eb kontrat\u00ebn koncesionare.<\/p>\n
Garancit\u00eb e dh\u00ebna nga \u201cMabco\u201d ngrejn\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje serioze mbi t\u00eb drejtat reale t\u00eb koncesionarit, detyrimet kontraktuale ndaj Shtetit shqiptar, interesat e kreditor\u00ebve, mekanizmat e nd\u00ebrhyrjes n\u00eb rast mospagimi, si edhe pasojat financiare q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kishin mbi operimin e aeroportit.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb ardhurat e nj\u00eb aeroporti nuk jan\u00eb thjesht t\u00eb ardhurat e nj\u00eb kompanie private. Ato burojn\u00eb nga operimi i nj\u00eb aseti strategjik komb\u00ebtar, i nd\u00ebrtuar dhe administruar n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieje koncesionare me Shtetin shqiptar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodhte n\u00eb rast t\u00eb mospagimit t\u00eb huas\u00eb?<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse \u201cMabco\u201d nuk do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb shlyente huan\u00eb, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb drejtash do t\u00eb ushtronte huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsi?<\/p>\n
Duke qen\u00eb se garancit\u00eb e huas\u00eb shtriheshin mbi t\u00eb ardhurat e ardhshme t\u00eb projektit, kreditori mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte kontroll mbi k\u00ebto t\u00eb ardhura, mbi llogarit\u00eb bankare ku ato depozitoheshin dhe mbi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e administrimit t\u00eb flukseve financiare t\u00eb aeroportit.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, kontrata i njihte huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsit t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019ia transferuar k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta nj\u00eb pale t\u00eb tret\u00eb. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb krize financiare ose t\u00eb mospagimit t\u00eb huas\u00eb, kontrolli ekonomik mbi t\u00eb ardhurat e aeroportit mund t\u00eb kalonte tek subjekte t\u00eb tjera, t\u00eb panjohura n\u00eb momentin e n\u00ebnshkrimit t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes.<\/p>\n
Kontrolli mbi llogarit\u00eb bankare dhe transferimi i t\u00eb drejtave tek pal\u00ebt e treta<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr aspekt problematik lidhet me kontrollin mbi llogarit\u00eb bankare dhe politikat financiare t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Kur nj\u00eb huadh\u00ebn\u00ebs fiton kompetenca t\u00eb gjera mbi flukset financiare t\u00eb nj\u00eb koncesionari, ai nuk mbetet m\u00eb nj\u00eb kreditor pasiv. N\u00eb praktik\u00eb, ai fiton nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm mbi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si administrohen fondet e kompanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm privat kjo mund t\u00eb konsiderohet pjes\u00eb normale e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnies s\u00eb financimit. Por kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koncesion strategjik, lind nj\u00eb pyetje themelore: ku p\u00ebrfundon e drejta legjitime e kreditorit privat dhe ku fillon mbrojtja e interesit publik?<\/p>\n
Po aq shqet\u00ebsues \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe fakti q\u00eb marr\u00ebveshja lejonte transferimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsit tek pal\u00eb t\u00eb treta.<\/p>\n
Kjo krijon nj\u00eb problem serioz transparence, sepse struktura e financimit mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do moment, pa qen\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb ekzistonte kur marr\u00ebveshja u n\u00ebnshkrua.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr nj\u00eb aeroport me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi strategjike si Aeroporti i Vlor\u00eb, ngrihen pyetje t\u00eb natyrshme:
\nKush \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfituesi real i k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb drejtave?
\nKush mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet kreditor n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen?
\n\u00c7far\u00eb t\u00eb drejtash transferohen konkretisht?
\nCilat jan\u00eb kufizimet ligjore?
\n\u00c7far\u00eb mekanizmash mbrojt\u00ebs ka Shteti shqiptar n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb transferimi t\u00eb till\u00eb?<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, transparenca nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb luks; \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebri.<\/p>\n
Rreziku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm financiar, por edhe operacional<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb aeroport duhet t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb pa nd\u00ebrprerje sapo t\u00eb vihet n\u00eb operim. Kjo k\u00ebrkon mir\u00ebmbajtje t\u00eb vazhdueshme, personel t\u00eb kualifikuar, sisteme teknike, standarde sigurie, kontrata sh\u00ebrbimi dhe burime t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme financiare.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse t\u00eb ardhurat e aeroportit ngarkohen me detyrime t\u00eb konsiderueshme financiare ndaj kreditor\u00ebve, duhet t\u00eb garantohet se, edhe pas shlyerjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre detyrimeve, mbeten fonde t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr funksionimin normal t\u00eb aeroportit.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb aeroport nuk mund t\u00eb administrohet me logjik\u00ebn e nj\u00eb biznesi q\u00eb synon vet\u00ebm shlyerjen e borxhit. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb kritike, e cila duhet t\u00eb disponoj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb burime t\u00eb mjaftueshme financiare p\u00ebr t\u00eb garantuar sigurin\u00eb, vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e operimit dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimit publik.<\/p>\n
Tek e fundit, \u00e7\u00ebshtja nuk lidhej thjesht me marrjen e nj\u00eb huaje prej 100 milion\u00eb eurosh. Projekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha infrastrukturore financohen shpesh p\u00ebrmes kredive. Problemi q\u00ebndronte tek m\u00ebnyra se si u sigurua ky financim, garancit\u00eb e dh\u00ebna n\u00eb favor t\u00eb huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe mungesa e miratimit paraprak t\u00eb Shtetit shqiptar, n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me detyrimet e parashikuara n\u00eb kontrat\u00ebn koncesionare.<\/p>\n
Kur garancit\u00eb e nj\u00eb huaje shtrihen mbi t\u00eb ardhurat e nj\u00eb aseti strategjik, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe t\u00eb ardhurat e garantuara nga Buxheti i Shtetit, kur kreditori fiton t\u00eb drejta mbi llogarit\u00eb bankare dhe politikat financiare t\u00eb koncesionarit, si edhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019ia transferuar k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta pal\u00ebve t\u00eb treta, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja nuk mbetet m\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie e zakonshme financiare mes nj\u00eb kompanie dhe kreditorit t\u00eb saj. Ajo prek drejtp\u00ebrdrejt interesin publik, sigurin\u00eb juridike t\u00eb kontrat\u00ebs koncesionare dhe mbrojtjen e nj\u00eb infrastrukture me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi strategjike p\u00ebr vendin.<\/p>\n
Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, kjo marr\u00ebveshje huaje u konsiderua nga autoritetet shqiptare si nj\u00eb shkelje serioze e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnies koncesionare dhe u b\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr element\u00ebt q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn vendimin e Qeveris\u00eb shqiptare p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur procedurat p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e kontrat\u00ebs s\u00eb koncesionit t\u00eb Aeroportit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nga Fatos \u00c7o\u00e7oli Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem serioz q\u00eb e detyroi Qeverin\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb niste procedurat p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e kontrat\u00ebs s\u00eb koncesionit t\u00eb Aeroportit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs lidhej me nj\u00eb hua prej 100 milion\u00eb eurosh, t\u00eb marr\u00eb nga nj\u00ebra prej kompanive t\u00eb koncesionarit pa miratimin paraprak t\u00eb Shtetit shqiptar. N\u00eb mars 2025, kompania \u201cMabco\u201d n\u00ebnshkroi nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96265"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96265\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}