Popullsia e Evrop\u00ebs po plaket dhe ajo do t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende. Nj\u00eb nga \u00e7el\u00ebsat p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb dhe ekonomit\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb integrimi i emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, thot\u00eb autori i nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb ri.<\/p>\n
Popullsia e Evrop\u00ebs po ndryshon<\/p>\n
Popullsia e Bashkimit Evropian pritet t\u00eb bjer\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme nga viti 2026 p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb m\u00eb pak lindjeve dhe emigracionit q\u00eb nuk kompenson m\u00eb r\u00ebnien e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb dallime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, sipas nj\u00eb punimi t\u00eb botuar nga Bruegel, nj\u00eb institut k\u00ebrkimor p\u00ebr politikat ekonomike n\u00eb Bruksel.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr prirje ky\u00e7e n\u00eb ndryshimin e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve n\u00eb vitet n\u00eb vijim.<\/p>\n
\u201cDeri n\u00eb vitin 2050, 35 p\u00ebr qind e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb BE-s\u00eb parashikohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb mbi 65 vje\u00e7. Kjo krahasohet me vet\u00ebm 21 p\u00ebr qind n\u00eb vitin 2022, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb po vjen v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb ndryshim thelb\u00ebsor,\u201d thot\u00eb David Pinkus, bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor i Bruegel dhe bashk\u00ebautor i hulumtimit.<\/p>\n
\u201cPjesa me rritje m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb jan\u00eb ata mbi 85 vje\u00e7, gj\u00eb q\u00eb sjell sfida specifike p\u00ebr politikat sociale si kujdesi afatgjat\u00eb,\u201d shton ai.<\/p>\n
Kat\u00ebr grupe shtetesh<\/p>\n
N\u00eb punimin e tyre, David Pinkus dhe Nina Ruer analizuan dy faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, ndryshimin midis numrit t\u00eb lindjeve dhe vdekjeve (ndryshimi natyror) dhe ndryshimin midis numrit t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb l\u00ebvizin n\u00eb vendet evropiane dhe atyre q\u00eb largohen (imigrimi dhe emigracioni).<\/p>\n
Ata i klasifikuan vendet e BE-s\u00eb n\u00eb kat\u00ebr grupe bazuar n\u00eb historin\u00eb e tyre t\u00eb imigracionit. Si Evropa Per\u00ebndimore (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Austrin\u00eb, Gjermanin\u00eb, Franc\u00ebn, Belgjik\u00ebn, Holand\u00ebn, Luksemburgun dhe Irland\u00ebn) dhe Evropa Veriore (Danimarka, Suedia dhe Finlanda) kaluan nga rajonet e emigrimit n\u00eb rajonet e imigrimit n\u00eb vitet 1950.<\/p>\n
Evropa Jugore (Italia, Spanja, Portugalia, Greqia, Qipro dhe Malta), historikisht nj\u00eb rajon emigracioni, filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetonte imigrim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb vitet 1990, por u p\u00ebrball me nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb re largimesh rreth kriz\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb vitit 2008.<\/p>\n
Evropa Lindore (Polonia, \u00c7ekia, Sllovakia, Hungaria, Estonia, Letonia, Lituania, Kroacia, Sllovenia, Rumania dhe Bullgaria) ishte e mbyllur p\u00ebr emigracionin gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrjetoi nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb madhe emigracioni q\u00eb nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi n\u00eb BE.<\/p>\n
\u201cN\u00eb nivel rajonal, ndryshimi natyror do t\u00eb jet\u00eb negativ n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr grupet e vendeve dhe migrimi neto do t\u00eb jet\u00eb pozitiv,\u201d tha Pinkus p\u00ebr The Local.<\/p>\n
\u201cMegjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb lindje dhe jug ndryshimi total i popullsis\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb ende negativ. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb negativ natyror t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb dhe migrimit neto relativisht t\u00eb ul\u00ebt\u2026nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb jug \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimit shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb negativ natyror t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, por edhe migrimit pozitiv mjaft t\u00eb fort\u00eb neto,\u201d shtoi ai.<\/p>\n
Perspektiva demografike n\u00eb lindje ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cshqet\u00ebsuese\u201d, thot\u00eb raporti, pasi \u201cr\u00ebnia e shpejt\u00eb e popullsis\u00eb ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore dhe stagnim ekonomik\u201d dhe kjo do t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohet me \u201cikjen e trurit dhe migrimin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb individ\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj dhe t\u00eb aft\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n
Rritja e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb Suedis\u00eb<\/p>\n
N\u00eb nivel vendi, popullsia parashikohet t\u00eb rritet deri n\u00eb vitin 2050 n\u00eb Austri, Spanj\u00eb, Suedi, Belgjik\u00eb, Qipro, Irland\u00eb, Luksemburg, Malt\u00eb, Holand\u00eb, si dhe n\u00eb Island\u00eb dhe Norvegji.<\/p>\n
Vet\u00ebm Suedia, Irlanda, Luksemburgu dhe Qiproja (dhe jasht\u00eb BE-s\u00eb, Norvegjia dhe Islanda) pritet t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje natyrore t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2023-2050, nd\u00ebrsa migrimi neto parashikohet t\u00eb rritet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vendet, me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb Letonis\u00eb, Lituanis\u00eb dhe Rumanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Franca dhe Gjermania do t\u00eb jen\u00eb af\u00ebr rritjes neto zero t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. T\u00eb gjitha vendet e tjera do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me r\u00ebnie t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Popullsia n\u00eb plakje<\/p>\n
Popullsia evropiane po plaket gjithashtu. P\u00ebrqindja e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs 85 vje\u00e7 e lart n\u00eb BE do t\u00eb dyfishohet, nga 3 p\u00ebrqind aktual n\u00eb 6 p\u00ebrqind deri n\u00eb vitin 2050 dhe gati 8 p\u00ebrqind deri n\u00eb 2070. T\u00eb gjitha vendet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb gjithashtu \u201crritje t\u00eb konsiderueshme\u201d n\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjen e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre 65 vje\u00e7 e lart deri n\u00eb vitin 2050.<\/p>\n
\u201cKjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb arritje e madhe, por gjithashtu sjell sfida sepse nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe e t\u00eb moshuarve n\u00eb krahasim me fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz q\u00eb do t\u00eb ken\u00eb nevoj\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr pensione, por edhe p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb kujdesit afatgjat\u00eb, dhe nj\u00eb grup m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl njer\u00ebzish q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb k\u00ebto sh\u00ebrbime\u201d, tha Pinkus.<\/p>\n
Forca m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl pun\u00ebtore<\/p>\n
N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, 22 nga 27 vendet e BE-s\u00eb do t\u00eb shohin nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune (20 deri n\u00eb 64 vje\u00e7), argumenton raporti.<\/p>\n
Grupmosha n\u00ebn 20 vje\u00e7 gjithashtu do t\u00eb bjer\u00eb midis 2023 dhe 2050, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00eb Suedi, Malt\u00eb dhe Luksemburg. Kjo mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb \u201czhbalancime n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs\u201d q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kompensohen nga njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb, pjes\u00ebmarrje m\u00eb e lart\u00eb e grave n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb imigrim, thot\u00eb raporti.<\/p>\n
Pabarazit\u00eb rajonale brenda vendeve gjithashtu ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb zgjerohen pasi zonat rurale do t\u00eb jen\u00eb \u201cm\u00eb t\u00eb cenueshme ndaj shpopullimit\u201d p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \u201cmund\u00ebsive t\u00eb kufizuara ekonomike dhe pun\u00ebsimi dhe aksesit t\u00eb pamjaftuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet thelb\u00ebsore si arsimi, kujdesi p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt dhe kujdesi sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor\u201d.<\/p>\n
Ndryshimet e politikave<\/p>\n
\u201cNe e kemi shkruar k\u00ebt\u00eb dokument me supozimin se q\u00ebllimi i ruajtjes s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb aktuale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i mir\u00eb dhe se r\u00ebnia e popullsis\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte e pad\u00ebshirueshme\u201d, sepse do ta b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ruajtjen e strukturave aktuale t\u00eb ekonomive dhe shoq\u00ebrive evropiane, tha Pinkus.<\/p>\n
Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu pik\u00ebpamja e shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb qeverive t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb dhe Komisionit Evropian, thuhet n\u00eb raport. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, autor\u00ebt rekomandojn\u00eb q\u00eb vendet e Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore dhe Veriore t\u00eb miratojn\u00eb politika p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur integrimin e emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore dhe p\u00ebr zhvillimin rural.<\/p>\n
Vendet jugore duhet t\u00eb forcojn\u00eb politikat dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb miq\u00ebsore ndaj familjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, si dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb integrimin e emigrant\u00ebve dhe infrastruktur\u00ebn rajonale.<\/p>\n
Vendet lindore duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohen n\u00eb ruajtjen e talenteve, t\u00ebrheqjen e emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb sektor\u00ebt me munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore dhe sigurimin e balanc\u00ebs pun\u00eb-jet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur pjes\u00ebmarrjen e grave dhe pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb moshuar n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore.<\/p>\n
Reformat e pensioneve dhe t\u00ebrheqja e m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb sektorin e kujdesit afatgjat\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb gjithashtu thelb\u00ebsore, thot\u00eb Pinkus.<\/p>\n
\u201cSektori i kujdesit afatgjat\u00eb sot mb\u00ebshtetet kryesisht n\u00eb kujdesin informal, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb kujdesi brenda familjes shum\u00eb shpesh i ofruar nga grat\u00eb. Duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kujdestar\u00ebt informal\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithashtu e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet mb\u00ebshtetja n\u00eb kujdesin informal ose, pasi m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr kujdes, grat\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb pafavorizuara\u201d.<\/p>\n
The post Integrimi i emigrant\u00ebve\/ Si mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet Evropa me sfid\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb<\/a> appeared first on www.lexo.al<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Popullsia e Evrop\u00ebs po plaket dhe ajo do t\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende. Nj\u00eb nga \u00e7el\u00ebsat p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb dhe ekonomit\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb integrimi i emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, thot\u00eb autori i nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb ri. Popullsia e Evrop\u00ebs po ndryshon Popullsia e Bashkimit Evropian pritet t\u00eb bjer\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme nga […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17859"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17859\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}