M\u00eb 27 mars, kryeministri Edi Rama njoftoi n\u00eb rrjetet sociale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e procedurave p\u00ebr mbylljen e platform\u00ebs TikTok n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Vendimi erdhi pasi Rama e lidhi k\u00ebt\u00eb rrjet social me vrasjen e 14-vje\u00e7arit Martin Cani, duke e konsideruar si p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr munges\u00ebn e filtrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb fokusohej te reformat n\u00eb institucionet arsimore apo p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i kushteve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve sociale.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb komunikimin online Rama e cil\u00ebsoi \u201cturp\u201d dhe \u201crrezik\u201d p\u00ebrdorimin e VPN-ve p\u00ebr t\u2019u qasur n\u00eb TikTok duke p\u00ebrmendur rrezikun p\u00ebr vjedhjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale.<\/p>\n
Por ky vendim \u00ebsht\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar nga organizata mediatike dhe shoq\u00ebria civile. M\u00eb 25 mars, Asociacioni i Gazetar\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb (AGSH), Rrjeti Ballkanik p\u00ebr Gazetari Investigative (BIRN) dhe Qendra CLE e padit\u00ebn vendimin n\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebn Kushtetuese, duke e konsideruar shkelje t\u00eb liris\u00eb s\u00eb shprehjes dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr informim.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar m\u00eb mir\u00eb pasojat e vendimit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb, Citizens.al bisedoi me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb LibreLabs \u2013 nj\u00eb komunitet q\u00eb promovon t\u00eb drejtat digjitale, privat\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e teknologjive t\u00eb hapura n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n
A \u00ebsht\u00eb i rreziksh\u00ebm p\u00ebrdorimi i VPN-ve p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb TikTok, si\u00e7 pretendon Kryeministri?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb rrjet privat virtual (VPN) krijon lidhje t\u00eb sigurt, idealisht t\u00eb enkriptuar, mes pajisjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe nj\u00eb ofruesi sh\u00ebrbimi interneti.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb VPN mund t\u2019ju premtoj\u00eb anonimitetet, por ju nuk do t\u00eb jeni anonim p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb jua ofron sh\u00ebrbimin. Kompanit\u00eb e VPN-s\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tuaja, thjesht sepse ato ndodhen n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet apo vend me juridiksion specifik, q\u00eb i detyron ata t\u00eb raportojn\u00eb p\u00ebr aktivitetin tuaj.<\/p>\n VPN-t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren gjer\u00ebsisht nga kompani p\u00ebr t\u00eb lejuar pun\u00ebn n\u00eb distanc\u00eb, por edhe nga qytetar\u00eb q\u00eb duan t\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb privat\u00ebsin\u00eb apo t\u00eb anashkalojn\u00eb censur\u00ebn. Ato mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb qasje n\u00eb faqe t\u00eb bllokuara si BBC n\u00eb disa vende dhe ofrojn\u00eb siguri shtes\u00eb n\u00eb rrjete publike.<\/p>\n Si t\u00eb tilla, VPN-t\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme n\u00eb parim, por p\u00ebrdoruesit e tyre duhet t\u2019i besojn\u00eb ofruesit, po aq sa do t\u00eb duhej t\u2019i besonin ofruesit lokal t\u00eb lidhjes s\u00eb internetit (Ofruesit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb Internetit, ISP).<\/p>\n A ka metoda t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u2019u qasur n\u00eb TikTok, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb VPN-ve?<\/strong><\/p>\n Pa hyr\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje teknike, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb mbani mend se nuk ka nj\u00eb server t\u00eb vet\u00ebm q\u00eb mban t\u00eb gjith\u00eb emrat e domeneve (DNS), por ka disa dhe t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Serveri i autoritar (Authority Server) p\u00ebr tiktok.com do t\u00eb ishte serveri DNS i kompanis\u00eb amerikane Verisign, q\u00eb operon sherbimet \u201c.com\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, ISP-ja lokale do t\u00eb ket\u00eb administruesin e tyre DNS q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb informacionin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb komunikuar nga server\u00ebt e Autoritetit. Si parazgjedhje, p\u00ebrdoruesit e internetit mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb zgjidh\u00ebsin DNS t\u00eb ISP-s\u00eb s\u00eb tyre: pajisja e tyre d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebrmes ISP-s\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb em\u00ebr domeni t\u00eb caktuar, ISP kthen adres\u00ebn IP t\u00eb lidhur me emrin e domenit, bazuar n\u00eb informacionin publik t\u00eb disponuesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb thjeshta, ndalimi i TikTok u zbatua duke urdh\u00ebruar kompanit\u00eb q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e internetit (ISP-t\u00eb) t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebs \u201ct\u00eb g\u00ebnjesht\u00ebrt\u201d DNS. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb kur nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn faqe interneti ose sh\u00ebrbim, ISP do ta g\u00ebnjej\u00eb dhe nuk do t\u2019i jap\u00eb adres\u00ebn e sakt\u00eb IP.<\/p>\n Kur dikush p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb VPN, ai n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi p\u00ebrdor automatikisht zgjidh\u00ebsin DNS t\u00eb zgjedhur nga ofruesi VPN.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb internetit t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb vet\u00eb\u00a0DNS-n\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb p\u00ebr shembull nj\u00eb zgjidh\u00ebs publik si ato t\u00eb kompanive si Google (8.8.8.8) apo Cloudflare (1.1.1.1). N\u00ebse institucionet censuruese d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb efektive, at\u00ebher\u00eb duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb loj\u00eb mace me miun: ISP bllokon aksesin tek zgjidh\u00ebsi publik, p\u00ebrdoruesi i internetit m\u00eb pas kalon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trafikun e tij, madje edhe DNS, mbi protokollin HTTPS, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e b\u00ebn censurimin m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Kjo gar\u00eb apo \u2018loj\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb e kushtueshme, e panevojshme dhe fatkeq\u00ebsisht dob\u00ebson lirin\u00eb e internetit.<\/p>\n Pse disa persona apo llogari ende kan\u00eb akses n\u00eb TikTok, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb jo?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nuk jemi n\u00eb dijeni t\u00eb situatave t\u00eb tilla, por ndoshta \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar bllokim dhe zhbllokim gradual edhe nga vet\u00eb platforma, ose p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb caktuar kan\u00eb zbatuar metoda anashkalimi (VPN, DNS t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm etj.). Ashtu si p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb institucionet mundohen t\u00eb implementojn\u00eb praktika censure, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb ato kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb edukimin e qytetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat digjitale dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e VPN-ve cil\u00ebsore dhe t\u00eb sigurta, si p\u00ebr shembull rrjeti TOR \u2013 q\u00eb ofron m\u00eb tep\u00ebr anonimitet dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me kompani komerciale \u2013 anashkalojn\u00eb k\u00ebto kufizime.<\/p>\n A mendoni se Shqip\u00ebria ka p\u00ebrdorur v\u00ebrtet\u00eb teknologjin\u00eb \u201cDeep Packet Inspection\u201d (DPI) p\u00ebr bllokimin e TikTok?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nuk ka informacion t\u00eb konfirmuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e DPI-s\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, por p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet k\u00ebrkuar transparenc\u00eb nga autoritetet. DPI \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb metod\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e avancuar e monitorimit t\u00eb trafikut n\u00eb internet, ku analizohen jo vet\u00ebm IP-t\u00eb dhe destinacionet, por edhe p\u00ebrmbajtja e komunikimeve.<\/p>\n Inspektimi i thell\u00eb i paketave (DPI) \u00ebsht\u00eb metod\u00eb m\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyr\u00ebse: p\u00ebrmbajtja e paketave t\u00eb informacionit digjital q\u00eb udh\u00ebtojn\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrjet p\u00ebrgjohen dhe analizohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive p\u00ebr t\u00eb ushtruar censur\u00eb p\u00ebrmes bllokimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Kur censura ushtrohet duke bllokuar p\u00ebrmbajtjen, autoritetet censoruese kryejn\u00eb DPI t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb paketave (psh. fjal\u00eb ky\u00e7e), si dhe ve\u00e7orit\u00eb e trafikut (psh. koh\u00ebzgjatja).<\/p>\n P\u00ebrdorimi i DPI n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur n\u00eb media, por nuk ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb informacion n\u00eb lidhje me t\u00eb. DPI \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb metod\u00eb shum\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyr\u00ebse dhe e kushtueshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb rastet e kund\u00ebr-terrorizmit, pedopornografis\u00eb dhe krimit kibernetik. P\u00ebrdorimi i tij kund\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti social do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb humbje serioze e burimeve njer\u00ebzore dhe financave fuqizuar nga taksapaguesit dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebn kriminalizimin e sjelljes normale t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve: aksesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet social p\u00ebr t\u00eb shk\u00ebmbyer video qesharake t\u00eb maceve dhe m\u00ebsime grimi me t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit tuaj.<\/p>\n Si e vler\u00ebsoni mbylljen e TikTok? A ka m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar p\u00ebrmbajtjen e d\u00ebmshme?<\/strong><\/p>\n Censura e plot\u00eb mund t\u00eb konsiderohet sulm kund\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtave digjitale dhe liris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb aksesuar informacionin n\u00eb internet, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i sanksionuar n\u00eb Deklarat\u00ebn Universale t\u00eb t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut (Neni 19). Problematikat q\u00eb lidhen me mediat sociale mund t\u00eb trajtohen p\u00ebrmes mekanizmave t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen sakt\u00ebsisht ato probleme dhe t\u00eb shkohet p\u00ebrtej keq perceptimeve t\u00eb zakonshme.<\/p>\n Problemi i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i vazhduesh\u00ebm me platformat si TikTok, Twitter dhe Facebook jan\u00eb viraliteti i p\u00ebrmbajtjes, i favorizuar nga vetit\u00eb teknike t\u00eb rrjeteve t\u00eb krijuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar p\u00ebrhapjen dhe zem\u00ebrimin (p.sh. leht\u00ebsia e ndarjes, statistikat e kota q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb sasin\u00eb e shikimeve, sasin\u00eb e p\u00eblqimeve).<\/p>\n P\u00ebrgjigja e par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edukimi p\u00ebr mediat. P\u00ebrgjigja e dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rregullimi i vetive teknike si p.sh. algoritmet e p\u00ebrmbajtjes t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre platformave t\u00eb mediave sociale. Sot, vet\u00ebm kompania zot\u00ebruese ka akses n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb platformave t\u00eb saj: ky informacion duhet t\u2019u hapet studiuesve t\u00eb pavarur, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt m\u00eb pas mund t\u00eb studiojn\u00eb se si funksionojn\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjet dhe t\u00eb sugjerojn\u00eb ndryshime politikash.<\/p>\n Zgjidhja e tret\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb aktor\u00ebt politik\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb qeverin\u00eb, t\u00eb shmangin p\u00ebrdorimin e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtave platforma q\u00eb inkurajojn\u00eb viralitetin.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse qeveria ka p\u00ebrdorur metoda si DPI, apo thjesht mbylljen e internetit nga ISP, a mbetet ende enigm\u00eb fakti n\u00ebse po kryhen bisedime me kompanin\u00eb Tik Tok p\u00ebr alternativa p\u00ebrdorimi nga adoleshent\u00ebt?<\/strong><\/p>\n Mungesa e informacionit dhe transparenc\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma problematik\u00eb q\u00eb i shtohet list\u00ebs s\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb cenimit t\u00eb parimit t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs nga vendimmarr\u00ebsit.<\/p>\n Ndoshta, bisedat mes pal\u00ebve mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb presion mbi kompanin\u00eb TikTok p\u00ebr t\u2019u vet\u00eb-rregulluar, por pa transparenc\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb themi asgj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa dyshime serioze p\u00ebr q\u00ebllimin e vendimmarrjes n\u00eb lidhje me k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb.<\/p>\n Debatet publik se si duhet t\u00eb duket nj\u00eb media sociale si TikTok dhe promovimi i alternativave si Mastodon, Pizelfed, Peertube etj. q\u00eb duke qen\u00eb me kod-burim t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe t\u00eb hapur dhe t\u00eb decentralizuara, ofrojn\u00eb internet falas dhe t\u00eb hapur.<\/p>\n Si i kan\u00eb zgjidhur shtete t\u00eb tjera k\u00ebto problematika dhe a ka ndonj\u00eb rast t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, censura nga platforma t\u00eb caktuara?<\/strong><\/p>\n Shqip\u00ebria synon t\u00eb jet\u00eb vend demokratik n\u00eb kontekstin evropian. Qeveria duhet t\u00eb respektoj\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat themelore t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve (liria e informacionit dhe t\u00eb shprehjes) dhe t\u00eb respektoj\u00eb parimin e Neutralitetit n\u00eb Rrjet (Net Enutrality), t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtura n\u00eb BE-ja.<\/p>\n Platformat gjigante duhet t\u00eb rregullohen n\u00eb kontekstin e k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb drejtave dhe jo p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 2024, TikTok u bllokua n\u00eb ishullin francez t\u00eb Kaledonis\u00eb s\u00eb Re gjat\u00eb trazirave atje. N\u00eb prill t\u00eb vitit 2025, gjykata m\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb Franc\u00eb (Conseil d\u2019Etat) e konsideroi k\u00ebt\u00eb bllokim si t\u00eb paligjsh\u00ebm dhe shkelje joproporcionale t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave dhe lirive.<\/p>\n Bllokimi i mediave sociale \u00ebsht\u00eb tendenc\u00eb n\u00eb rritje n\u00eb vendet autoritare. P\u00ebr shembull, TikTok u ndalua n\u00eb Indi, n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst gjeopolitik tensioni me Kin\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 2020. Algjeria po bllokon rregullisht platformat e mediave sociale \u00e7do vit gjat\u00eb periudhave t\u00eb provimeve t\u00eb student\u00ebve.<\/p>\n Benini ka bllokuar aksesin n\u00eb rrjetet sociale n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e zgjedhjeve komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb 2019. Xhibuti ka bllokuar Facebook n\u00eb aksesin n\u00eb internet celular n\u00eb vitin 2021.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, jan\u00eb identifikuar k\u00ebto prirje n\u00eb lidhje me rritjen e autoritanarizmit digjital global: Mbylljet e internetit gjat\u00eb zgjedhjeve, (p.sh gjat\u00eb demonstratave ose provimeve komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb \u00c7ad, Burkina Faso dhe Algjeri); V\u00ebzhgimi masiv ose i synuar, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e softuerit spiun Pegasus (Ruanda, Togo, Marok dhe Xhibuti etj.); Praktika e censur\u00ebs online me bllokimin e faqeve t\u00eb mediave vendase dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare;<\/p>\n Vendosja e fundit e ligjeve p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb kibernetike dhe kund\u00ebr dezinformimit q\u00eb shpesh instrumentalizohen kund\u00ebr gazetar\u00ebve, mbrojt\u00ebsve t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut dhe qytetar\u00ebve kritik\u00eb ndaj praktikave qeveritare. Apo dhe mungesa e vazhdueshme e legjislacionit p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale.<\/p>\n Pra, duhet t\u00eb vendosim n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se duam si shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb asociohemi me vende q\u00eb luftojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat digjitale apo me ato q\u00eb respektojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat themelore t\u00eb dakort\u00ebsuara nga parimet e BE-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n \/Citizens.al<\/strong><\/em>\/<\/p>\n The post Censura digjitale, rasti i TikTok-ut dhe sfidat e privat\u00ebsis\u00eb online<\/a> appeared first on GIJOTINA<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" M\u00eb 27 mars, kryeministri Edi Rama njoftoi n\u00eb rrjetet sociale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e procedurave p\u00ebr mbylljen e platform\u00ebs TikTok n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Vendimi erdhi pasi Rama e lidhi k\u00ebt\u00eb rrjet social me vrasjen e 14-vje\u00e7arit Martin Cani, duke e konsideruar si p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr munges\u00ebn e filtrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb fokusohej te reformat n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14736"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14736\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zennihost.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}